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Thứ Tư, 31 tháng 8, 2016
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Have you ever seen a giraffe baby in the real life? Do you know the place whether they live? Just keep reading to know
Giraffes are herbivores, which means they eat only plants. Their long necks allow them to reach leaves, buds and branches high up in mimosa and acacia trees. They can eat hundreds of pounds of leaves per week
Giraffes live in savannas throughout Africa. They like semi-arid, open woodlands that have scattered trees and bushes, making the savannas perfect for these animals.
Giraffes are so social that they don't have territories. A group of giraffes is aptly called a tower, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. Towers typically have 12 to 15 members and are led by an older male. The other members in the tower are females, their young and young males.
Giraffes only sleep around 20 minutes or less per day, according to PBS Nature. Staying awake most of the time allows them to be constantly on alert for predators. They usually get their sleep in quick power naps that last just a couple of minutes.
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If we are talking about height, no animal can beat the giraffe! With an astonishingly long neck, a giraffe can be more than 18 feet tall, making it the world's tallest animal. It is also one of the world's heaviest animals - a male giraffe may weigh up to 4,200 pounds!
Unique genes that affect the skeleton, heart and nervous system may explain how the giraffe evolved into the world's tallest land animal, researchers have revealed.
Scientists now have the genetic instruction book that contains all the secrets of the giraffe, which over the past 12 million years has developed into one of the most bizarre creatures on Earth.
Mapping the giraffe's genetic code, or genome, has highlighted a host of DNA sequences that make the long-necked animal so special.
Standing up to 19ft (six metres) tall, the giraffe's peculiar body is dominated by its stretched out legs and neck.
Professor Douglas Cavener, from Pennsylvania State University in the US, who led the new study, said: "The evolutionary changes required to build the giraffe's imposing structure and to equip it with the necessary modifications for its high-speed sprinting and powerful cardiovascular functions have remained a source of scientific mystery since the 1800s, when Charles Darwin first puzzled over the giraffe's evolutionary origins."
The animal's heart, built to pump blood vertically a distance of two metres (6.5ft) to its brain, has an unusually large left ventricle chamber.
Taking a giraffe's blood pressure would show a reading twice as high as that of other mammals.
The giraffe can also sprint at speeds of up to 37 mph on its long spindly legs, and despite appearances its neck contains the same number of bones as seen in other mammals, including humans. The big difference is that both the giraffe's leg and neck bones are greatly extended.
The scientists pinpointed unique regions of the genome by comparing it with that of the giraffe's close relative, the okapi.
Also see elephant facts
Both animals have a common ancestor but branched off in separate directions along the evolutionary path around 11 to 12 million years ago.
A battery of tests comparing the two animals uncovered 70 giraffe genes that showed multiple signs of adaptation. More than half of these coded for proteins known to regulate the development of the skeletal, cardiovascular and nervous system.
Several genes controlled both heart and artery and skeletal development - raising the intriguing possibility that the giraffe's stature and cardiovascular system were modified together through changes to a small group of multi-purpose genes.
One key gene is thought to be FGFRL1, which regulates a biological pathway critical to bone growth. In addition, four "homeobox" genes were identified that are known to specify the regions of the spine and legs.
"The combination of changes in these homeobox genes and the FGFRL1 gene might provide two of the required ingredients for the evolution of the giraffe's long neck and legs," said Prof Cavener.
Undoubtedly, giraffes take full advantage of their height. When they are hungry, they don't have to lower their necks to eat grass or stand on their toes to reach for leaves. All they need to do is to stand near a tree and have an all-you-can-eat buffet of leaves and twigs from the tops of trees. Since giraffes are so tall, they don't have to compete with other plant-eating animals (such as zebras and antelopes) that also live in African savannahs. Their remarkable height also helps to keep them out of danger, as they can spot hungry lions or hyenas from far away.
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Thứ Ba, 30 tháng 8, 2016
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Do you know that vitamin c boosts microvascular function? Let's see
But vitamin C might have another effect upon our metabolism that should be considered. Researchers from the University of Wisconsin studied 45 obese adults who were in their early thirties. They found that vitamin C infusions increased blood vessel smooth muscle communications among small capillaries and blood vessels – indicating that vitamin C increased the body’s ability to transport blood through our microvascular system.
And where is microvascular function most critical? Within our brains. Our brain cells and nervous system are fueled with oxygen and nutrients supplied through some of the body’s smallest (micro) blood vessels.
As these vessels lose their flexibility from oxidative damage, our brain cells suffer because they don’t get enough nutrients. As other research has found, microvascular damage among the brain can significantly affect moods and anxiety levels – in addition to increasing the likelihood of dementias such as Alzheimer’s disease.
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Chủ Nhật, 21 tháng 8, 2016
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Are dragons real ? Do they exist ? Did they exist in some historical time ? Could they exist, is it even scientifically and logically possible? Maybe, some people think that dragons exist, some do not. However, that amazing animal facts about them are unknown.
Dragons most certainly exist. Haven't any of you people thought of evolution? Take the whale for example; The whale used to live on land in prehistoric times. Later, through millions of years of evolution, the whale turned back to the sea. Why cant dragons be any different? The kamodo dragon is classified as a dragon, the only thing is, it's not the winged, crested, majestic, fire breathing dragon we would think of!
Then again, dragons would most certantly be at the top of the food chain. Perhaps there wasn't enough food for the dragons to survive.
Maybe it was the very human race itself. It could be true that we destroyed the great dragon race. The human race is a race growing at a rapid rate. And a Huge race has to have lots of room right? Maybe we destroyed the habitats of the dragons. It could be that where you are sitting right now could be a destroyed dragon area.
In conclusion, I am for certain that dragons exist or once existed. Please, help keep the few remaining dragons ( if any) alive and kept secret.
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Thứ Năm, 18 tháng 8, 2016
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Most people would rather not have unwelcome cockroaches crawling around in their homes or businesses. Roaches can spread filth and disease, and score high marks on the disgusting scale. In fact, the only thing that could make a crawling cockroach worse would be if it could also fly – landing on you or your belongings. So do cockroaches fly?
COCKROACH QUICK FACTS
There are more than 3,500 identified species of cockroaches, with many more species yet to be discovered. Most roaches are tropical in distribution – occupying a variety of habitats in rainforests and other moist, warm locales.
A total of about 69 species inhabit the United States. Of those, about two-thirds are not native to this country. While that may sound like a lot, only about 10 species are considered household pests.
CAN COCKROACHES FLY?
Many species of cockroaches have wings, but not all are good flyers. In fact, most cockroaches do not fly at all.
There are several species capable of flying short distances and a number of other species – including American cockroaches – that use their wings to glide from high elevations to lower surfaces.
Male Pennsylvania woods cockroaches and smoky brown cockroaches are both strong flyers. Australian, Asian and Cuban cockroaches are also capable of flight, but none of these could truly be labeled flying cockroaches.
FEET OVER FLIGHT
One of the reasons that you don't see many flying cockroaches is their size. For insects, cockroaches are relatively large creatures. Their large body mass and flight wings are not conducive to speed or maneuverability. A large, slow flying insect is easy prey for birds or bats. So even though many cockroaches can fly, they still use their highly effective legs for running rather than flying most of the time.
In fact, cockroaches are some of the fastest running insects, capable of covering several feet in a few seconds. The American cockroach has been clocked at 59 inches per second, which is equal to 3.4 miles per hour. At 50 body lengths per second, this roach is about three times the speed of a cheetah. Cheetahs, the fastest land mammal, only cover about 18 body lengths in the same amount of time.
Do cockroaches fly? Some can, but if you observe cockroaches flying in your home, call Terminix® and a pest management professional will bring them down.
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Let's discover some following cockroach facts and myths:
If a cockroach is beheaded it will never die because of the loss of its head. The only thing killing it will be the thirst as it can’t drink water without a head. Their respiratory system has nothing to do with the mouth as they can breathe through little pores in their body.
Cockroach Eating Contests
The Six Flags Great America theme park in Chicago came up with a very gag-worthy promotion for Halloween back in 2008. They offered park passes to the winner of a contest to eat the most live cockroaches in the space of five minutes. A doctor advised people against taking part because of the microorganisms that live inside the insects. Nevertheless, the parkresurrected the contest in 2011, citing “popular demand.”
The true risk of this sort of contest was shown in Florida. A competitor named Edward Archbold died shortly after a pet shop held a roach-eating competition with a python as a prize. He suffocated after choking on bits of cockroach that got lodged in his throat. Six Flags decided to call off their contest following the death.
2. A Cockroach Can Cause Many Diseases
Cockroaches love to live in filth and dirty places and in these interesting cockroach facts; this fact is about their contaminating abilities. A cockroach is usually completely enveloped in filth. They can move as fast as 3 miles per hour. It will take only a few minutes for a single cockroach to fully contaminate a house. That’s why they can cause many dangerous diseases among humans.
3. Cockroach Facts: German Cockroaches
German cockroaches are considered the most dangerous than others cockroaches. They are the most common type found in almost every nation. They can cause illness, allergy and in some severe cases breathing problems in humans. They can become fully adult within a time span of 36 days.
4. Daytime Learning
It takes many of us a few hours in the morning—as well as a big dose of caffeine—before we earn the adjective “functional.” The humble cockroach, however, takes not being a morning person to a whole new level, and not just by not being people. What really sets them apart is the fact they’re literally unable to form new memories at the start of the day.
Researchers tested this by attempting to teach roaches to like bad smells. Cockroaches normally dislike peppermint but are totally down with vanilla. A group of researchers trained cockroaches to prefer minty freshness by combining the scent with sugar water, performing this trick at different times of the day. What they found was that in the evening and overnight, the cockroaches were perfectly able to learn that vanilla had betrayed them and mint was awesome. When the same experiment was carried out in the morning, however, they continued to prefer vanilla.
5. Cockroach Facts: Cockroaches Can’t Live Without Water
They are cold blooded and can survive for a month without any food. They usually don’t remain without food for that much long as they can eat anything in their way. Their real problem is the shortage of water. No water for a week can kill them. So primarily they need water to survive not the food.
6. New York’s Asian Invasion
Residents of New York are no stranger to cockroaches, but the Big Apple does have one handy feature when it comes to fighting the beasts—it can get pretty cold in the winter. This generally drives down the roach population, but Manhattanites were faced with a new challenge when an Asian species of cockroach, Periplaneta japonica, was found living on their island. While the city’s native roaches need to stay indoors, their Asian cousins can happily survive the cold and snow.
Reading and enjoying these following facts about ducks:
- The duck is a number of species in the Anatidae family of birds. They are related to swans and geese.
- Ducks are mostly aquatic birds living in both fresh water and sea water and found on every continent except for Antarctica.
- A male duck is called a drake, a female duck a hen, and a baby duck a duckling.
- Ducks are omnivores. They feed on aquatic plants, small fish, insects, worms, grubs and more. People often feed domesticated ducks bread
- Diving ducks and sea ducks search for food fairly deep underwater. To be able to stay underwater more easily, diving ducks are quite heavy.
- Dabbling ducks feed on the surface of water, on land, or by ducking their head underwater. Along the edge of their beak is a comb-like structure called a pecten, that enables them to hold slippery food and filter nutrients out of the water.
- A common urban legend is that a ducks quack does not echo. This has however, been proven to be false.
- Ducks are curious and friendly creatures they have been domesticated as pets and farm animals for more than 500 years. All domestic ducks are descended from either the Mallard or the Muscovy duck.
- Ducks are precocial, which means that ducklings are covered with down and able to walk and leave the nest just a few hours after hatching. This helps protect the young chicks from predators, since they do not need to stay in the vulnerable nest area for long.
- A hen will lead her ducklings up to a half mile or more over land after hatching in order to find a suitable water source for swimming and feeding. As soon as a baby duck's down is dry after hatching, they will be able to swim.
- Male ducks have an eclipse plumage similar to females that they wear after the breeding season for about a month as their new feathers grow. During that month, they are completely flightless and more vulnerable to predators. At this time, many male ducks stay in isolated, remote areas or flock together for protection in numbers.
- Most duck species are monogamous for a breeding season but they do not mate for life. Instead, they will seek out new mates each year, seeking the healthiest, best mate who can help them pass on their genes to a new duckling generation.
- When constructing her nest, a hen will line it with soft down feathers she plucks from her own breast. This gives the eggs the best possible cushioning and insulation. Other duck nesting material includes grasses, mud, twigs, leaves and other plant material.
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Thứ Ba, 16 tháng 8, 2016
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Here are some questions and answers about tiger facts that provide basic information about tigers for you:
Where do tigers live?
Tigers live in Asia, which is where their natural habitats are. They are most likely found in the swamps, grasslands and rain forests of Southeast Asia, China, Korea and Russia.
How many subspecies of tiger are there?
There are nine subspecies of tiger, three of which are extinct. Those still roaming in the wild include the Sumatran tiger, Amur tiger, Bengal tiger, Indochinese tiger, South China tiger, and Malayan tiger. These tigers need our help. Every part of the tiger, from whisker to tail, is traded in illegal wildlife markets. WWF works with activists to stop wildlife crime.
How much do tigers weigh?
Tigers are the largest of all Asian big cats, weighing in at up to 660 pounds. The smallest of tiger subspecies—the Sumatran tiger—weighs about 310 pounds at most. Within each subspecies, the males are heavier than the females.
Do tigers live in groups?
Tigers are solitary animals, with the exception of mothers and their cubs. Individual tigers roam across large areas, also known as home ranges, the size of which is determined by the availability of food. Tigers don’t patrol their range, but they do mark their domain with urine and feces over a period of days or weeks to let other tigers know that the space is occupied.
How do scientists identify individual tigers?
Much like the human fingerprint, tiger stripes are unique to each individual. Scientists set up staggered camera traps that snap photos of each side of the tiger. With this method, they can identify individuals and properly count the population in certain areas. Counting tigers and determining where they live is a critical step in monitoring the progress we are making to protect the species.
How long to tigers live?
Tigers have been known to live to the age of 26 in the wild. Female tigers give birth to two or three cubs at a time, on average, and can do so every two years. Survival is difficult for cubs; about half of all cubs do not live more than two years.
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Chủ Nhật, 14 tháng 8, 2016
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Find out what fire requires in order to burn, how hot a candle flame is, what we use fire for, how dangerous fire can be, how to put out a fire and much more. Read on and have fun learning about fire!
- Ray Bradbury originally titled his book Fahrenheit 451 as “The Fireman”, but he and the editors found the name boring, so they called a local fire station and asked at what temperature book paper burnt at. The firemen put Bradbury on hold, burnt a book, and reported that the temp it burnt at was “Fahrenheit 451”
- A natural gas vent in Iraq known as The Eternal Fire has been burning continuously for over 4,000 years, and it has been mentioned by Herodotus, Plutarch, and in the Old Testament’s Book of Daniel
- No one knows who invented the fire hydrant, because its patent was destroyed in a fire
- Walt Disney World is the largest consumer of fireworks in the United States. The park also launches the fireworks with compressed air instead of gunpowder to reduce fumes and gain better height and timing
- In 2004, over 300 people died in a supermarket fire in Asunción, Paraguay because the owners shut the doors so that people wouldn’t leave without paying.
- Substances combine with oxygen in the air, combusting with a flame and often smoke.
- Fires require fuel, oxygen and heat to burn.
- Different types of fuel include coal, oil and wood.
- Flames are the part of a fire which we can see, they can be different colors, depending on the substance which is burning.
- A candle flame typically burns at around 1000 degrees Celsius (1800 Fahrenheit).
- Fire is very dangerous to humans as it can easily burn or blister skin. It is important to take safety precautions when using fire.
- Fire is also very useful to humans for lighting, heating, cooking and more.
- Scientists believe that humans began using fire to cook food in a controlled way around 1 million years ago.
- Forest fires can be extremely destructive and are dangerous to both humans and wildlife.
- Fires are also an important ecological process that can stimulate growth.
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